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struts初体验之实施篇
开发环境 window2000+jbuilder7+tomcat4.1.12
首先，从http://jakarta.apache.org下载jakarta-struts-1.0.2.zip，解开后有两个主要目录lib和webapps，在lib目录中是使用struts创建应用程序所必需的文件,在webapps目录下有几个后缀是war的文件，熟悉java web开发的人都比较清楚，将他们copy到tomcat/ webapps/目录下，然后再重新启动tomcat，tomcat会将这些web工程部署好的，其中struts-documentation.war是文档，struts-example.war是一个不错的例子，我主要就是参考这个例子来做的。然后在jbuilder安装目录/lib/下建立 struts目录，将上面的lib目录下的东西copy进去，然后启动jbuilder7,运行菜单tools->configure->libraries->new->name 输入struts,然后选择刚才copy过去的struts.jar文件,然后ok。
其次，新建立一个工程，引用struts，服务器选择tomcat4，然后建立一个jsp1.jsp文件，然后把lib/目录下的所有.tld文件copy到你建立的工程目录下的/defaultroot/web-inf/目录下面，在/defaultroot/web-inf/建立action.xml,内容如下：
<action-mappings>
<forward name="logon" path="/logon.jsp"/>
<action path="/logon"
actionclass="example.logonaction"
formattribute="logonform"
formclass="example.logonform"
inputform="/logon.jsp">
<forward name="success" path="/jsp1.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
struts-config.xml文件，如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<!doctype struts-config public
"-//apache software foundation//dtd struts configuration 1.0//en"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_0.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="logonform"type="example.logonform"/>
</form-beans>
<global-forwards>
<forward name="logon" path="/logon.jsp"/>
</global-forwards>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/logon"
type="example.logonaction"
name="logonform"
scope="request"
input="/logon.jsp">
<forward name="success" path="/jsp1.jsp"/>
</action>
<action path="/admin/addformbean"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.addformbeanaction"/>
<action path="/admin/addforward"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.addforwardaction"/>
<action path="/admin/addmapping"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.addmappingaction"/>
<action path="/admin/reload"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.reloadaction"/>
<action path="/admin/removeformbean"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.removeformbeanaction"/>
<action path="/admin/removeforward"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.removeforwardaction"/>
<action path="/admin/removemapping"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.removemappingaction"/>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
然后建立logon.
jsp，内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/web-inf/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/web-inf/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %>
<html:html locale="true">
<head>
<title><bean:message key="logon.title"/></title>
<html:base/>
</head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<html:errors/>
<html:form action="/logon" focus="username">
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<th align="right">
<bean:message key="prompt.username"/>
</th>
<td align="left">
<html:text property="username" size="16" maxlength="16"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="right">
<bean:message key="prompt.password"/>
</th>
<td align="left">
<html:password property="password" size="16" maxlength="16" redisplay="false"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">
<html:submit property="submit" value="submit"/>
</td>
<td align="left">
<html:reset/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html:form>
</body>
</html:html>
然后建立一个class logonform.
java，继承自actionform，打包在example内容如下
package example;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionform;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionerror;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionerrors;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionform;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionmapping;
public class logonform extends actionform {
private string password = null;
private string username = null;
public string getpassword() {
return password;
}
public string getusername() {
return username;
}
public void setpassword(string password) {
this.password = password;
}
public void setusername(string username) {
this.username = username;
}
public void reset(actionmapping mapping, httpservletrequest request) {
this.password = null;
this.username = null;
}
public actionerrors validate(actionmapping mapping,
httpservletrequest request) {
actionerrors errors = new actionerrors();
if ((username == null) (username.length() < 1))
errors.add("username", new actionerror("error.username.required"));
if ((password == null) (password.length() < 1))
errors.add("password", new actionerror("error.password.required"));
return errors;
}
}
然后建立一个class logonaction.
java，继承自action，打包在example内容如下
package example;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.hashtable;
import java.util.locale;
import javax.servlet.requestdispatcher;
import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpsession;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.action;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionerror;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionerrors;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionform;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionforward;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionmapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.actionservlet;
import org.apache.struts.util.messageresources;
public class logonaction extends action {
public actionforward perform(actionmapping mapping,
actionform form,
httpservletrequest request,
httpservletresponse response)
throws ioexception, servletexception {
locale locale = getlocale(request);
//messageresources messages = getresources();
actionerrors errors = new actionerrors();
string username = ((logonform) form).getusername();
string password = ((logonform) form).getpassword();
// report any errors we have discovered back to the original form
if (!errors.empty()) {
saveerrors(request, errors);
return (new actionforward(mapping.getinput()));
}
// save our logged-in user in the session
httpsession session = request.getsession();
session.setattribute("user", "ok");
if (servlet.getdebug() >= 1)
servlet.log("logonaction: user :" +
"' logged on in session " + session.getid());
// remove the obsolete form bean
if (mapping.getattribute() != null) {
if ("request".equals(mapping.getscope()))
request.removeattribute(mapping.getattribute());
else
session.removeattribute(mapping.getattribute());
}
// forward control to the specified success uri
return (mapping.findforward("success"));
}
}
然后修改/defaultroot/
web-inf/
web.
xml文件为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!doctype web-app public "-//sun microsystems, inc.//dtd web application 2.3//en" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.actionservlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/web-inf/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>application</param-name>
<param-value>example.applicationresources</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>validate</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>debugjsp</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.jspservlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>jspcompilerplugin</param-name>
<param-value>com.borland.jbuilder.webserverglue.tomcat.jsp.jaspersunjavacompiler</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>debugjsp</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>logon.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/web-inf/app.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/web-inf/app.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/web-inf/struts-bean.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/web-inf/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/web-inf/struts-html.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/web-inf/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/web-inf/struts-logic.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/web-inf/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
</web-app>
最后还有一个重要的问题，就是一开始我们说过
struts-example.war，安装后把\
struts-example\
web-inf\src\org\apache\
struts\
webapp\applicationresources.properties放到/defaultroot/
web-inf/classes/example/目录下,然后就可以运行了,当你运行jbuilder后，在ie上键入http://localhost:8080/就会看到效果了，具体的解释请参见下一 解释篇
刚开始研究
struts，所以把自己的经过给大家分享,欢迎大家批评指正
bill-转自:csdn
