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oracle 常用sql查询，望对大家有所启示（zt）
转自:www.loveunix.com made by sdawnyj
[color=red:5cc31c680c]1、查看表空间的名称及大小[/color:5cc31c680c]
select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
group by t.tablespace_name;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小[/color:5cc31c680c]
select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]3、查看回滚段名称及大小[/color:5cc31c680c]
select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
(initial_extent/1024) initialextent,(next_extent/1024) nextextent,
max_extents, v.curext curextent
from dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
order by segment_name ;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]4、查看控制文件[/color:5cc31c680c]
select name from v$controlfile;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]5、查看日志文件[/color:5cc31c680c]
select member from v$logfile;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]6、查看表空间的使用情况[/color:5cc31c680c]
select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
select a.tablespace_name,a.bytes total,b.bytes used, c.bytes free,
(b.bytes*100)/a.bytes "% used",(c.bytes*100)/a.bytes "% free"
from sys.sm$ts_avail a,sys.sm$ts_used b,sys.sm$ts_free c
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name=c.tablespace_name;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]7、查看数据库库对象[/color:5cc31c680c]
select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]8、查看数据库的版本[/color:5cc31c680c]
select version from product_component_version
where substr(product,1,6)='oracle';
[color=red:5cc31c680c]9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式[/color:5cc31c680c]
select created, log_mode, log_mode from v$database;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]10、捕捉运行很久的sql[/color:5cc31c680c]
column username format a12
column opname format a16
column progress format a8
select username,sid,opname,
round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) '%' as progress,
time_remaining,sql_text
from v$session_longops , v$sql
where time_remaining <> 0
and sql_address = address
and sql_hash_value = hash_value
/
[color=red:5cc31c680c]11。查看数据表的参数信息[/color:5cc31c680c]
select partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,
pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,
next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, freelists,
freelist_groups, logging, buffer_pool, num_rows, blocks,
empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,
last_analyzed
from dba_tab_partitions
--where table_name = :tname and table_owner = :towner
order by partition_position
[color=red:5cc31c680c]12.查看还没提交的事务[/color:5cc31c680c]
select * from v$locked_object;
select * from v$transaction;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]13。查找object为哪些进程所用[/color:5cc31c680c]
select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial# serial_num,
s.username user_name,
a.type object_type,
s.osuser os_user_name,
a.owner,
a.object object_name,
decode(sign(48 - command),
1,
to_char(command), 'action code #' to_char(command) ) action,
p.program oracle_process,
s.terminal terminal,
s.program program,
s.status session_status
from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p
where s.paddr = p.addr and
s.type = 'user' and
a.sid = s.sid and
a.object='subscriber_attr'
order by s.username, s.osuser
[color=red:5cc31c680c]14。回滚段查看[/color:5cc31c680c]
select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name name, v$rollstat.extents
extents, v$rollstat.rssize size_in_bytes, v$rollstat.xacts xacts,
v$rollstat.gets gets, v$rollstat.waits waits, v$rollstat.writes writes,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and
v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum
[color=red:5cc31c680c]15。耗资源的进程（top session）[/color:5cc31c680c]
select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1,
to_char(command), 'action code #' to_char(command) ) action, status
session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num,
nvl(s.username, '[oracle process]') user_name, s.terminal terminal,
s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$process p
where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number('38') and ('all' = 'all'
or s.status = 'all') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc
[color=red:5cc31c680c]16。查看锁（lock）情况[/color:5cc31c680c]
select /*+ rule */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name,
decode(ls.type, 'rw', 'row wait enqueue lock', 'tm', 'dml enqueue lock', 'tx',
'transaction enqueue lock', 'ul', 'user supplied lock') lock_type,
o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'row share', 3,
'row exclusive', 4, 'share', 5, 'share row exclusive', 6, 'exclusive', null)
lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2
from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type,
l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s,
v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner
<> 'sys' order by o.owner, o.object_name
[color=red:5cc31c680c]17。查看等待（wait）情况[/color:5cc31c680c]
select v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, sum(v$sysstat.value) sum_value
from v$waitstat, v$sysstat where v$sysstat.name in ('db block gets',
'consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count
[color=red:5cc31c680c]18。查看sga情况[/color:5cc31c680c]
select name, bytes from sys.v_$sgastat order by name asc
[color=red:5cc31c680c]19。查看catched object[/color:5cc31c680c]
select owner, name, db_link, namespace,
type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,
locks, pins, kept from v$db_object_cache
[color=red:5cc31c680c]20。查看v$sqlarea[/color:5cc31c680c]
select sql_text, sharable_mem, persistent_mem, runtime_mem, sorts,
version_count, loaded_versions, open_versions, users_opening, executions,
users_executing, loads, first_load_time, invalidations, parse_calls, disk_reads,
buffer_gets, rows_processed from v$sqlarea
2[color=red:5cc31c680c]1。查看object分类数量[/color:5cc31c680c]
select decode (o.type#,1,'index' , 2,'table' , 3 , 'cluster' , 4, 'view' , 5 ,
'synonym' , 6 , 'sequence' , 'other' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from
sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'index' , 2,'table' , 3
, 'cluster' , 4, 'view' , 5 , 'synonym' , 6 , 'sequence' , 'other' ) union select
'column' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select 'db link' , count(*) from
[color=red:5cc31c680c]22。按用户查看object种类[/color:5cc31c680c]
select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, null)) indexes,
sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, null)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, null))
clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, null)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1,
null)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, null)) sequences,
sum(decode(o.type#, 1, null, 2, null, 3, null, 4, null, 5, null, 6, null, 1))
others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# =
o.owner# and u.name <> 'public' group by u.name order by
sys.link$ union select 'constraint' , count(*) from sys.con$
[color=red:5cc31c680c]23。有关connection的相关信息[/color:5cc31c680c]
1）查看有哪些用户连接
select s.osuser os_user_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),
'action code #' to_char(command) ) action, p.program oracle_process,
status session_status, s.terminal terminal, s.program program,
s.username user_name, s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter, '' query,
0 memory, 0 max_memory, 0 cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num
from v$session s, v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.type = 'user'
order by s.username, s.osuser
2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
select n.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
from v$statname n,
v$sesstat v
where v.sid = 71 and
v.statistic# = n.statistic#
order by n.class, n.statistic#
3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select /*+ push_subq */
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdate start_time,
sysdate finish_time,
'>' address sql_address,
'n' status
from v$sqlarea
where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71)
[color=red:5cc31c680c]24．查询表空间使用情况[/color:5cc31c680c]select a.tablespace_name "表空间名称",
100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "占用率(%)",
round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(m)",
round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空闲(m)",
round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(m)",
largest "最大扩展段(m)",
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "采样时间"
from (select f.tablespace_name,
sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc,
sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'yes',f.maxbytes,'no',f.bytes)) maxbytes
from dba_data_files f
group by tablespace_name) a,
(select f.tablespace_name,
sum(f.bytes) bytes_free
from dba_free_space f
group by tablespace_name) b,
(select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) largest,
ts.name tablespace_name
from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts
where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts#
group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name
[color=red:5cc31c680c]25. 查询表空间的碎片程度[/color:5cc31c680c]
select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name
having count(tablespace_name)>10;
alter tablespace name coalesce;
alter table name deallocate unused;
create or replace view ts_blocks_v as
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space
union all
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;
select * from ts_blocks_v;
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
[color=red:5cc31c680c]26.查看有哪些实例在运行[/color:5cc31c680c]：
select * from v$active_instances;
:em02: :em02: :em03: :em03:
